Hello friends, in today’s article we will know about India Republic Day. This is our national festival. Republic Day is celebrated with great pomp across the country on 26th January.
India Republic Day – 26 January
The Constitution of India came into force on 26 January 1950 at 10:18 am. On Republic Day, a parade is held in the capital of the country, Delhi. On this day the fighters and brave warriors of India are remembered. The President of the country hoists the tricolor flag and gives a 21-gun salute. On this day, colorful programs are organized in schools and institutions. National holiday is declared in the country. So let’s know about Republic Day –
What is republic?
Everyone celebrates Republic Day with pomp but we should also know its meaning. Republic refers to the form of government in which the citizens of the country represent the country. Under the constitution, exercise powers according to the rule of law. Which involves separation of powers with an elected head of state. The representative of the republic is democracy. The state to which it refers to a constitutional republic or representative democracy.
Why celebrate Republic Day ?
Republic Day is celebrated all over the country of India. The main reason for celebrating it is that the Constitution of our country came into force on this day. It was started in December 1929 under the chairmanship of Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru and completed in Lahore. The session of the Indian National Congress helped in its completion. When our country became independent, the constitution was implemented on 26 January 1950.
There is complete history from the beginning of the constitution till the end. The history of the Constitution is very interesting. The country of India was challenged to make its own constitution. Which the Indians did. Its complete history is given below. You can read it in detail.
History of Constitution
On 8 November 1987, the British Government sent Simon Commission to India. The full name of this was the Indian Statutory Commission, which was headed by John Simon. That is why it was named Simon Commission. The purpose of the commission was how constitutional changes would be done in India. A road map should be prepared for this.
Basically the Simon Commission had to see how the Montagu Chelmsford Reforms of 1919 were working and what changes would need to be brought in them in future. If there was no Indian member in the Simon Commission, then the people of India were very angry with this.
The people of India protested against this and gave the slogan of Go Back to Simon. In view of the opposition to the Simon Commission, the Minister of Indian Affairs in England, Lord Bracken Head, put forward this challenge that if you think that you can make a constitution, not the Simon Commission, then do one thing, you should make the constitution of your country yourself.
We challenge all the political parties of India to decide the path of the constitution of your country with the consent of all, keeping in mind all you Hindus, Muslims and Sikhs. We also see that you can make a constitution or sit down to fight. Indian political parties accepted this challenge of Bracken.
All Conference Party was formed. In which the largest party was the Indian National Congress. They met in February 1928 and a committee was formed under the chairmanship of Motilal Nehru.
The task was given to this committee to prepare a firearm. How will the constitutional changes in India go ahead and the report prepared by this committee was named ‘Nehru Report 1928’. In this report, a demand was placed in front of the British government that the same Dominion Status as Australia had been given to Canada at that time should be given to India.
The demand for Dominion Status was Motilal Nehru, the senior Congress leader at that time. But the young leaders of Congress at that time like Jawaharlal Nehru, Subhash Chandra Bose were not at all happy with this demand. He said that we do not even want dominion status.
We want complete independence. If we stopped at Dominion Status, we would not have complete freedom. This was understood by the young leaders at that time. The young leaders of Congress then established their own party ‘Independence for India League’.
It was a part of the Congress party itself. But he pressurized the senior leaders that you should not demand Dominion Status but Purna Swaraj. When the Nehru Report demanded Dominion Status, the British Government accepted the proposal. But the date was not fixed. But eventually you will be given the status. This promise was made by the Viceroy Arvind in India at that time.
This announcement is made around the time of Diwali 1929 and this is also called ‘Diwali Declaration’. At the same time, due to the change of the British government, the British government was not approved to give Dominion status or any kind of autonomy to India. Arvind could not do anything due to the change of government. This makes the Congress leaders of India very angry. Later the leadership of Congress leaders like Subhash Chandra Bose, Jawaharlal Nehru rejected the demand for status and demanded complete independence.
In December 1929, the Congress government session was held in Lahore. In this Lahore session, the talk of complete independence is said and in this session on 31 December 1929 their demand is accepted. It is said by Congress leaders that “civil disobedience” will be launched if we do not get complete Swaraj.
On the night of December 31, 1929, Congress leaders cross the Ravi river and take the water of the river in their hands and take a pledge that we will not rest until we liberate the country.
Thus the convention ends. At that time all the leaders decided that on 26 January 1930, the whole country would be celebrated and by then this thing would be told in the whole country. 26th January will be celebrated as Purna Swaraj by giving independence.
Then across the river Ravi raised slogans of ‘Inquilab Zindabad’. The English government was asked to give us complete independence by March 1930, otherwise “civil disobedience” would be imposed. In this way 26 January was celebrated as Purna Swaraj. In 1947, when India was about to get independence, it was estimated that independence would be achieved in january. But due to some reasons, India got independence on 15 August 1947. From this day onwards the name of the Viceroy has vanished.
But the office of the Governor General continues and the Governor General appointed will be appointed by the British Government. But he did not have the right to appoint anyone. In the meantime, Jawaharlal Nehru ji wrote a letter and said that rajendra prasad should be made governor. Which was signed by the British Government. India of Independence said that India will make its own constitution.
After that, in 2 years 11 months 18 days, the Constitution of India was prepared by Dr. Bhimrao Ambedkar, which was fully prepared on 26 November 1949. After this, the Constitution of India was implemented on 26 January 1950, this day we still consider this day as 26 January (Republic Day).
Republic Day Ceremony
The first President of the country, Dr. Rajendra Prasad, hoisted the flag on 26 January 1950 by giving a 21-gun salute. Then India was declared as complete independence. Since then this day is celebrated as Republic Day and this day remains a national holiday throughout the country.
Republic Day was celebrated for the first time in India on 26 January 1950. The first citizen of the country means the President takes part in this Republic Day celebrations and also hoists the national flag in Delhi. The governors of the respective states hoist the national flag in the state capitals on the occasion of Republic Day.
The national flag is hoisted in India on two occasions
- On Republic Day
- On Independence Day
The Prime Minister hoists the national flag in the capital of the country. The Chief Minister hoists the flag in other state capitals.
We especially celebrate Republic Day in the capital of the country, Delhi. In which a grand parade is organized. In the first few years after independence it was on a very small scale. But after 1955 it takes place on Republic Day in a big way. But now this parade is one of the iconic events of India. This means that the whole world knows that there is a spectacular and huge parade on 26 January in India, which is one of the best parades in the world.
New Delhi’s Grand National Parade
This parade takes place on the Rajpath of the national capital Delhi. At the beginning of the parade, the Prime Minister remembers those immortal sons who have sacrificed their lives for their country and sacrificed themselves for their motherland.
The Prime Minister pays tribute to him by lighting ‘Amar Jyoti’. On this occasion, the national capital Delhi is decorated in a grand manner. Preparations for this Republic Day are started many days in advance.
People gather from far and wide to see it. The country’s first civilian President takes the salute of this grand parade and gives a message to the country on the eve. The Commander-in-Chief of the Indian Armed Forces is also here. On this day India displays its military, 3 armies ‘Army’, ‘Navy’ ‘Airforce’ troops and its weapons.
In this parade, information about the security materials of our country is given in every way. In this the Indian Army has its guns. missile. It also displays radar etc. In this, the flag of India is made leaving the colors in the sky with the help of aircraft. Which is a unique sight. In this parade, all the states show their culture on the Rajpath with the help of tableaux. All kinds of colors are mixed in this celebration. In this, there is such a confluence of India’s valor and culture, seeing that every Indian feels a sense of patriotism.
From performances of the Indian Army to cultural tableaux, from air duty of the Air Force to astonishing visuals on motorcycles, Republic Day programs are presented in an enchanting manner. A different scene was seen in the parade held on the Rajpath on 26 January 2022.
In this, many such things which have never been shown before and many traditions are shown. In 2022 75 fighter planes took off in the sky. The parade lasts for a total of 90 minutes. The parade starts from National Building and ends at India Gate.
The country waits for the Republic Day because every time something special happens in the parade on this Republic Day. This day is celebrated everywhere in the country and the flag is hoisted. The national anthem is sung by hoisting the flag in schools, colleges, academies, government offices, courts, public places and Republic Day is celebrated with great pomp all over the country.
Biting Retreat Ceremony
The retreat is organized in front of National Building on National Hills. The chief guest of which is the President. The Beating Retreat ceremony is called the closing ceremony of the Republic Day. Beating Retreat is organized on the third day of Republic Day, on the evening of 29th January. Bands of the Air Force, Army and Navy parade with traditional tunes at the Beating Retreat
Importance of Republic Day
Republic Day (26 January) has a lot of importance in our life. This festival is the pride of India and Republic Day fills enthusiasm among all the people. Republic Day makes us feel that we are completely free. For this reason, on the day of Republic Day, people from all over the country hoist the flag with gaiety and organize programs.
Republic day tells the importance of our constitution.
Our country became independent on 15 August 1947, but the complete independence of the country came only after the implementation of the Constitution.
Republic Day is one of the three important national festivals of India. These three festivals are Gandhi Jayanti, Independence Day and Republic Day.
On 26 January 1950, our country became a republican country globally and the constitution of our country proved to be very effective.
In schools where there is NCC (National Cadet Core), parades are done in a very interesting way and pyramids are made. Prize distribution ceremony is also organized on this day.
Colorful programs are celebrated in educational institutions and all children participate in it.
Today we can take any decision independently, the reason for this is our constitution. Everyone has been given the right to freedom in our constitution.
Interesting Fact
- The main festival of 26 January is celebrated only because of the implementation of the constitution and the full republic.
- On 26 January 1930, for the first time, Complete Independence program was celebrated in which a pledge of independence from British rule was taken.
- On Republic Day, a Christian sound is played during the parade, which is named ‘Abide with Me’. The reason for playing it is because it was the favorite sound of Mahatma Gandhi.
- The Indian Constitution was written in English and Hindi language, which is the largest handwritten constitution in the world. The original copies of which are still kept in a box filled with helium in the library of the Parliament House.
- Jana Gana Mana was adopted as the national anthem of India by the Constituent Assembly on 24 January 1950.
- From 26 January 1957, the Government of India started giving National Bravery Awards to children below the age of 16 years.
- Awards like Kirti Chakra ‘Padam Award’ and ‘Bharat Ratna’ are announced on the eve of Republic Day and these awards are given on the occasion of Republic Day.
- Chief guests are called from abroad on Republic Day.
- Indonesia’s President Sukarno was the chief guest on India’s first Republic Day.
- The Republic Day program was first organized at Rajpath in 1955.
- On Republic Day, the President of India gives a 21-gun salute.
Puzzle fact
- India got independence on 15 August 1947, hence it is called Independence Day. The Constitution of India came into force on 26 January 1950, hence it is called Republic Day.
- Prime Minister hoists the flag in the program of 15th August. The flag is hoisted by the President on 26 January.
- On 15 August 1947, the British flag was lowered, hence the flag hoisting takes place on this day. On 26 January, India came in the form of complete independence, that is why the flag is hoisted on this day.
- On August 15, the British left India, but our country was not completely independent and the country did not have its own powers. On 26 January 1950, our country became completely independent and implemented its constitution.
- Even after independence on August 15, no person had freedom. On 26th, the resident of Jan Desh got complete freedom and he was a person of every kind to lead an independent life.
- The Prime Minister took his post on the first Independence Day. The President was appointed on the first Republic Day and he took over his post.
Republic Day in Short Form
In short, Republic Day is celebrated when the Constitution comes into force. National holiday is declared on this day. The flag is hoisted and the national anthem is sung in all the institutions and offices. The brave soldiers of the country are remembered who helped in liberating the country. The people who played a role in the making of the constitution are remembered. On this day, the President of the country hoists the flag and gives a speech at the Red Fort of the country’s capital Delhi.
After the flag hoisting, a parade is held and the flag is saluted. Slogans are raised for the country. Numerous crowds of people gather in this ceremony and they watch this program. Then attractive programs and tableaux are presented. Airplanes with three colors of the flag in the air perform feats.
Colorful programs are organized by the children in government institutions. In which patriotic songs are played. Rallies are taken out and children present songs, dance, drama, speech etc. in the program. All the children start its preparations 5-6 days before the Republic Day.
In this way this program is concluded and the history of the country is remembered.
List of Chief Guest of Republic Day
Every year a chief guest from abroad is invited on Republic Day. This guest is in a special position. Especially the foreign President is called in this ceremony. From 1950 till today, the chief guest comes and sees the Republic Day program. In 2018, 8 chief guests were called. In 2021, no person was called from abroad due to Corona. Below is a list of guests from 2000 to 2022. From there you can see-
| Year | Chief Guest |
| 2000 | Olusegun Obasanjo (President of Nigeria) |
| 2001 | Abdelaziz Bouteflika (President of Algeria) |
| 2002 | Cassam Uteem (President of Mauritius) |
| 2003 | Mohammed Khatami (President of Iran) |
| 2004 | Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva (President of Brazil) |
| 2005 | Jigme Singye Wangchuck (King of Bhutan) |
| 2006 | Abdullah bin Abdulaziz al-Saud (King of Saudi Arabia) |
| 2007 | Vladimir Putin (President of Russia) |
| 2008 | Nicolas Sarkozy (President of France) |
| 2009 | Nursultan Nazarbayev (President of Kazakhstan) |
| 2010 | Lee Myung Bak (President of South Korea) |
| 2011 | Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono (President of Indonesia) |
| 2012 | Yingluck Shinawatra (Prime Minister of Thailand) |
| 2013 | Jigme Khesar Namgyel Wangchuck (King of Bhutan) |
| 2014 | Shinzo Abe (Prime Minister of Japan) |
| 2015 | Barack Obama (President of the United States) |
| 2016 | François Hollande (President of France) |
| 2017 | Mohammed bin Zayed Al Nahyan (Crown Prince of Abu Dhabi) |
| 2019 | Cyril Ramaphosa (President of South Africa) |
| 2020 | Jair Bolsonaro (President of Brazil) |
| 2021 | NO |
| 2022 | Jorge Bolsonaro (President of Brazil) |
Hun Sen (Prime Minister of Cambodia)
Joko Widodo (President of Indonesia)
Thongloun Sisoulith (Prime Minister of Laos)
Najib Razak (Prime Minister of Malaysia)
Aung San Suu Kyi (State Counsellor of Myanmar)
Rodrigo Duterte (President of the Philippines)
Lee Hsien Loong (Prime Minister of Singapore)
Prayut Chan-o-cha (Prime Minister of Thailand)
Nguyễn Xuân Phúc (Prime Minister of Vietnam)
About the Constitution
➡️ On November 26, 1949, while handing over the Constitution to the country, Dr. Ambedkar said, “I understand that a constitution, however good it is, can prove to be bad, if the people who follow it are bad. One As bad as the constitution may be, it can prove to be good, if the people who follow it are good.”
➡️ Dr. Ambedkar said, “If I feel that the Constitution is being misused, then first of all I will burn this Constitution.”
➡️ Dr. Ambedkar said, “The community which does not know its history, that community can never make its own history.”
➡️ Dr. Ambedkar said, “Constitution is not just a document of lawyers but it is a way of life.”
➡️ Dr. Ambedkar said, “The right to vote in the constitution of our country is such a force, which has more power than any Brahmastra.”
➡️ Dr. Ambedkar said, “Today Indians are being governed by two different ideologies. His political ideals as indicated in the Preamble of the Constitution establish liberty, equality and fraternity and the social ideals embodied in his religion deny this.”
Conclusion
Republic day is the proud day of our country. We should remember the brave sons on this day and pay homage to them. Participate in the Republic Day parade and contribute. The laws and provisions written in our constitution should be followed as per the rules.
The leaders of our country have written the glorious constitution of our country by reading the constitution of many countries. This is the most unique constitution in the whole world. We should express our gratitude to our leaders for making indelible efforts for us. We are very lucky.
FAQ – India Republic Day
1. When is Republic Day celebrated?
Ans – 26 January
2. How long did it take to make the Indian Constitution?
Ans – 2 years 11 months and 18 days
3. Why is Republic Day celebrated?
Ans – On 26 January 1950, the Indian Constitution was made and implemented.
4. Who wrote the Indian Constitution?
Ans – The Constitution of India is written by the Constitution Drafting Committee.
5. Who were the main members of the Constituent Assembly meeting?
Ans – Dr. Bhimrao Ambedkar, Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru, Dr. Rajendra Prasad, Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel, Maulana Abdul Kalam Azad etc. were the main members.
7. Which armies participate in the Republic Day parade?
Ans – Water, land, sky
8. Who is the chief guest of Republic Day 26 January 2022?
Ans – India is planning to invite the presidents of five Central Asian countries Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan as chief guests in the Republic Day celebrations in 2022.
9. Which Republic Day of India will be celebrated in 2022?
Ans – This year 73rd Republic Day of India will be celebrated on 26 January 2022.
10. What programs are organized in schools on the occasion of Republic Day?
Ans – On January 26, there are competitions in schools like speech competition, art competition in which pictures of freedom fighters are made, essay, chitralekha, drama, rangoli etc. competitions in which many students participate.
11. How many gun salutes have been given on Republic Day?
Ans – 21
12. Where is the grand celebration of Republic Day held?
Ans – Delhi
13. What tune is played during the parade?
Ans – Christian sound
14. Where is the flag hoisting done in Delhi?
Ans – At Red Fort
15. Who was the chief guest of India’s first Republic Day celebrations?
Ans – President of Indonesia Sukarno
16. When was the Republic Day celebrations organized for the first time at Rajpath?
Ans – In 1955
17. Who is the creator of the Constitution?
Ans – Bhimrao Ambedkar
18. Which Christian song is played during the Republic Day parade?
Ans – One of the favorite songs of Mahatma Gandhi, the song “Abide with Me” is played.
19. Who will be the chief guest this time in 2022 Republic Day?
Ans- President of Brazil Jorge Bolsonaro
20. From where was the Preamble of the Constitution adopted?
Answer – The Preamble was adopted from the US Constitution.
21. When was the first parade held at Rajpath?
Answer – In 1955. Earlier the parade was held at Irwin Stadium, now National Stadium, Red Fort, Ramlila Maidan and Kingsway.
22. When was the Constitution of India printed?
Answer – No, the constitution of India is only calligraphy.
23. Where are the copies of the original Constitution of India?
Answer – The original copies are preserved in a helium coffin in the Library of Parliament
24. Who designed the Indian National Flag?
Ans- Pingali Venkaiah
25. Who has the longest constitution in the world?
Ans- Indian Constitution is the longest and written constitution of the world.
26. After how many days the enthusiasm of Republic Day ends?
Ans- After Beating the Retreat on the third day of Republic Day.
27. How many minutes is the parade taken out on Republic Day?
Ans – 10 minutes
If you liked today’s article, then share it as much as possible so that everyone can know about Republic Day and can know about the history of our constitution. Our constitution is our pride and we should abide by it.
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